{"id":22744,"date":"2017-01-16T17:05:02","date_gmt":"2017-01-16T17:05:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.biochek.com\/chronique-du-president\/"},"modified":"2026-06-10T14:59:35","modified_gmt":"2026-06-10T14:59:35","slug":"chronique-du-president","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.biochek.com\/fr\/chronique-du-president\/","title":{"rendered":"Chronique du Pr\u00e9sident"},"content":{"rendered":"

Barend van Dam, MSc, directeur de BioChek<\/em><\/p>\n

L’un des plus grands exemples de s\u00e9rendipit\u00e9 est sans aucun doute la d\u00e9couverte de la p\u00e9nicilline par Sir Alexander Fleming en septembre 1928. Une d\u00e9couverte qui lui a valu de recevoir le prix Nobel de m\u00e9decine quelques ann\u00e9es plus tard, en m\u00eame temps qu’Ernst Chain et Howard Florey. Les effets de la p\u00e9nicilline sont sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent. En moins de 30 ans, l’esp\u00e9rance de vie a augment\u00e9 de 8 ans ! En outre, les animaux nourris avec une faible dose d’antibiotiques restaient en meilleure sant\u00e9, vivaient plus longtemps et… grandissaient plus rapidement. Compte tenu de l’augmentation de la population mondiale, c’\u00e9tait la meilleure solution pour r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 la demande croissante de viande, de lait et d’\u0153ufs. <\/p>\n

La d\u00e9couverte de Fleming s’est av\u00e9r\u00e9e inestimable. Mais la p\u00e9nicilline est une histoire \u00e0 succ\u00e8s qui semble sombrer sous son propre succ\u00e8s. Le danger contre lequel Fleming avait mis en garde d\u00e8s 1945 n’a fait que se concr\u00e9tiser \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1990 : une augmentation terrifiante de la r\u00e9sistance aux antibiotiques. C’est un aspect qui a d’immenses cons\u00e9quences pour la m\u00e9decine humaine et v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire ! Il s’agit \u00e9galement d’un probl\u00e8me mondial, car les bact\u00e9ries r\u00e9sistantes aux antibiotiques traversent les fronti\u00e8res et continuent de se propager d’une personne \u00e0 l’autre, d’un animal \u00e0 l’autre, d’un animal \u00e0 l’homme, par l’interm\u00e9diaire de la nourriture et de l’environnement. <\/p>\n

La lutte contre la r\u00e9sistance aux antibiotiques est l’un des d\u00e9fis les plus importants pour les soins de sant\u00e9 et l’\u00e9levage. Malgr\u00e9 la gravit\u00e9 de la situation, il a fallu attendre plusieurs ann\u00e9es pour que les premi\u00e8res mesures visant \u00e0 r\u00e9duire l’utilisation des antibiotiques soient prises. En 2006, l’Union europ\u00e9enne a \u00e9t\u00e9 la premi\u00e8re \u00e0 interdire l’utilisation d’antibiotiques dans l’alimentation animale. Cette r\u00e9solution a \u00e9t\u00e9 sign\u00e9e en 2015 par 46 des 195 pays du monde. Et r\u00e9cemment, la FDA a annonc\u00e9 des mesures de r\u00e9duction strictes, qui entreront en vigueur \u00e0 la mi-2017 aux \u00c9tats-Unis. Les gens s’int\u00e9ressent d\u00e9sormais au probl\u00e8me. <\/p>\n

En f\u00e9vrier dernier, les Pays-Bas ont organis\u00e9 \u00e0 Amsterdam, pour la premi\u00e8re fois dans l’histoire de l’Union europ\u00e9enne, une conf\u00e9rence r\u00e9unissant des fonctionnaires du minist\u00e8re de la sant\u00e9 publique et du minist\u00e8re de l’agriculture afin de discuter de la menace que repr\u00e9sente la r\u00e9sistance aux antibiotiques, et cette conf\u00e9rence a \u00e9t\u00e9 couronn\u00e9e de succ\u00e8s ! Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 convenu que les pays europ\u00e9ens s’attaqueraient ensemble \u00e0 la r\u00e9sistance aux antibiotiques dans les domaines des soins de sant\u00e9 et de l’\u00e9levage. \u00c0 Amsterdam, sous la pr\u00e9sidence n\u00e9erlandaise de l’UE, la ministre Edith Schippers (sant\u00e9 publique) et son coll\u00e8gue Martijn van Dam (agriculture) ont plaid\u00e9 express\u00e9ment en faveur d’une am\u00e9lioration de la pr\u00e9vention des infections et des diagnostics. En d’autres termes, il s’agit de renforcer le suivi pr\u00e9ventif afin d’administrer les antibiotiques de la mani\u00e8re la plus efficace et la plus parcimonieuse possible. Et ils ont parfaitement raison ! En effet, il ne suffit pas de vacciner les animaux et de prendre des mesures pour \u00e9viter les (r\u00e9)infections dans les \u00e9tables pour r\u00e9duire l’utilisation des antibiotiques. En effet, comment savoir si la vaccination a \u00e9t\u00e9 efficace ? Les animaux peuvent-ils encore \u00eatre malades sans que nous le sachions ? Ou bien les animaux ne pourraient-ils pas \u00eatre infect\u00e9s pendant le transport, malgr\u00e9 une excellente bios\u00e9curit\u00e9 interne et externe ? Il arrive que des bact\u00e9ries et des virus soient litt\u00e9ralement introduits par le vent, comme c’est le cas pour les mycoplasmes et le SDRPv. <\/p>\n

Les participants \u00e0 la conf\u00e9rence europ\u00e9enne d’Amsterdam ont \u00e9cout\u00e9 les arguments pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s par Schippers et Van Dam. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 convenu qu’un bon diagnostic (pr\u00e9ventif) serait l’un des \u00e9l\u00e9ments cl\u00e9s pour parvenir \u00e0 une r\u00e9duction de l’utilisation des antibiotiques \u00e0 partir de maintenant. En d’autres termes, il s’agit de surveiller correctement et rapidement la sant\u00e9 des animaux. C’est ce \u00e0 quoi BioChek a pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 travailler depuis sa cr\u00e9ation en 1997. Nous travaillons avec vous, v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaires, laboratoires, \u00e9levages de volailles et de porcs, pour \u00e9lever la sant\u00e9 animale \u00e0 un niveau sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle mondiale. Si cela ne tenait qu’\u00e0 moi, le niveau serait si \u00e9lev\u00e9 que la d\u00e9couverte fortuite de Fleming lorsqu’il cultivait des staphylocoques continuerait d’\u00eatre appliqu\u00e9e avec succ\u00e8s pendant des ann\u00e9es. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Barend van Dam, MSc, directeur de BioChek L’un des plus grands exemples de s\u00e9rendipit\u00e9 est sans aucun doute la d\u00e9couverte de la p\u00e9nicilline par Sir Alexander Fleming en septembre 1928. Une d\u00e9couverte qui lui a valu de recevoir le prix Nobel de m\u00e9decine quelques ann\u00e9es plus tard, en m\u00eame temps qu’Ernst Chain et Howard Florey. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":22747,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[284],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22744","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-perspectives"],"yoast_head":"\nChronique du Pr\u00e9sident - BioChek<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.biochek.com\/fr\/chronique-du-president\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Chronique du Pr\u00e9sident - BioChek\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Barend van Dam, MSc, directeur de BioChek L’un des plus grands exemples de s\u00e9rendipit\u00e9 est sans aucun doute la d\u00e9couverte de la p\u00e9nicilline par Sir Alexander Fleming en septembre 1928. 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